Learning to Edit News Stories Quickly

Students in news editing classes get plenty of homework that involves - you guessed it - editing news stories. But the problem with homework is that its often not due for several days, and as any experienced journalist can tell you, editors on deadlines must usually fix stories within a matter of minutes, not hours or days. So one of the most important skills a student journalist must cultivate is the ability to work fast. Just as aspiring reporters must learn to complete news stories on deadline, student editors must develop the ability to edit those stories quickly. Learning to write rapidly is a fairly straightforward process that involves building up speed by banging out stories and exercises, over and over again. There are editing exercises on this site. But how can a student journalist learn to edit more quickly? Here are some tips. Read the Story All the Way Through Too many beginning editors try to start fixing articles before theyve read them from start to finish. This is a recipe for disaster. Poorly written stories are minefields of things like buried ledes and incomprehensible sentences. Such problems cant be properly fixed unless the editor has read the entire story and understands what it SHOULD say, as opposed to what it IS saying. So before editing a single sentence, take time to make sure you really understand what the story is all about. Find the Lede The lede is by far the most important sentence in any news article. Its the make-or-break opening that either entices the reader to stick with the story or sends them packing. And as Melvin Mencher said in his seminal textbook News Reporting Writing, the story flows from the lede. So its no surprise that getting the lede right is probably the most important part of editing any story. Nor is it surprising that many inexperienced reporters get their ledes horribly wrong. Sometimes ledes are just very badly written. Sometimes theyre buried at the bottom of the story. This means an editor must scan the entire article, then fashion a lede thats newsworthy, interesting and reflects the most important content in the story. That can take a little time, but the good news is that once youve created a good lede, the rest of the story should fall into line fairly quickly. Use Your AP Stylebook Beginning reporters commit boatloads of AP Style errors, so fixing such mistakes becomes a big part of the editing process. So keep your stylebook with you all the time; use it every time you edit; memorize the basic AP Style rules, then commit a few new rules to memory every week. Follow this plan and two things will happen. First, youll become very familiar with the stylebook and be able to find things more quickly; second, as your memory of AP Style grows, you wont need to use the book as often. Dont Be Afraid to Rewrite Young editors often worry about changing stories too much. Maybe theyre not yet sure of their own skills. Or maybe theyre afraid of hurting a reporters feelings. But like it or not, fixing a really awful article often means rewriting it from top to bottom. So an editor must cultivate a confidence in two things: his own judgment about what constitutes a good story vs. a real turd, and his ability to turn the turds into gems. Unfortunately, theres no secret formula for developing skill and confidence other than practice, practice and more practice. The more you edit the better youll get, and the more confident youll be. And as your editing skills and confidence grow, so too will your speed.

Psychology Positive And Negative Psychology - 1645 Words

Positive psychology, is a new field of psychology that draw heavily on humanist influences. This area of psychology places its focus on understanding how to enhance our lives by studying what produces our happiness through the use of scientific methods to understand how this affects us leading healthy, happy and successful lives. Through the belief that society would like to lead meaningful and rewarding lives the goal of positive psychology is to, in addition the other fields of psychology, accompany these ideas in order to help individuals and society, as a whole, to achieve satisfactory lives, rather than just treating illness through the use of fighting our weakness by strengthening our positive traits. Martin Seligman, who is considered the â€Å"father† of positive psychology criticizes psychology for being primarily dedicated to addressing mental illness rather than mental wellness (as citied by Held, 2004). In response he states that in order to enhance the well-being and happiness of ourselves we must study psychology through a different means thus his aim of positive psychology is to begin to catalyze a change in the focus of psychology from preoccupation only with repairing the worst things in life to also building positive qualities. It is the scientific study of what makes life worth living, it is the study of positive experiences, positive character traits, and the institutions that help cultivate them (Seligman, 2011). Although this may sound similar toShow MoreRelatedPsychology : Positive And Negative Psychology955 Words   |  4 PagesPositive Psychology We often think of psychology with a negative connotation. A reason for this is that for many years, psychologists focused more on the negative side of psychology. This part of psychology deals with peoples’ symptoms, wounds, disorders, and trauma (Morgan Nemec, 2013). This changed in 2000 when psychologist Martin Seligman founded the science of positive psychology (Schueller Parks, 2014). Although certain aspects of positive psychology were studied long before the branchRead MorePositive And Negative Impacts Of Social Psychology1404 Words   |  6 PagesSocial Psychology is defined as â€Å"a subfield in psychology that focuses on social interaction between people, how people influence and are influenced by others, and the relationship between the individual’s behaviors/cognitions and that of others in a group† (Robertson, 2002-2015). Within that subfield there are many theories and concepts that explain these feelings, thoughts, and beliefs that are construc ted and how psychological factors influence our interactions with others. The topics examinedRead MorePositive Psychology At Gable And Haidt1098 Words   |  5 PagesPositive psychology according to Gable and Haidt (2005) can be defined as â€Å"the study of the conditions and processes that contribute to the flourishing of people, groups and institutions† (p. 103). Similarly, it can be described as the study of human strength and virtue to understand positive and emotionally fulfilling behaviour (Sheldon King, 2001). There are three dimensions or levels of positive psychology which are based on aspects of our life experiences. Our positive subjective experiencesRead MoreThe Behavioral Perspective Of Clinical Psychology993 Words   |  4 PagesClinical psychology is a relatively new area of study in the broad category of psychology. It is a subfield of psychology that covers a wide range and variety of topics and issues such as the study, diagnosis and treatment of psychol ogical disorders. (Feldman, 2010) Clinical psychologists also might deal with patients who have learning disorders, substance abuse, depression, anxiety and eating disorders. This paper will briefly discuss the behavioral perspective, some research methods in the fieldRead MoreThe Downfall Of Positive Psychology1654 Words   |  7 Pages The Downfall of Positive Psychology In Schrank’s â€Å"Positive psychology: An Approach to Supporting Recovery in Mental Illness† he discusses the definition, history, research, and psychotherapy that is involved with positive psychology. There are multiple definitions that psychologists have developed for positive psychology that stem from six core domains which are â€Å"(i) virtues and character strengths, (ii) happiness, (iii) growth, fulfilment of capacities, development of highest self, (iv) good lifeRead MoreThe Psychology Of Clinical Psychology967 Words   |  4 PagesClinical psychology is a relatively newer area of study in the broad category of psychology. It is subfield of psychology that covers a wide range and variety of topics and issues such as the study, diagnosis and treatment of psychological disorders. (Feldman, 2010) This paper will briefly discuss the behavioral perspective, some research methods in the field of psychology, positive and negative components associated with clinica l psychology, and different controversies and ways to overcome theseRead MorePositive Psychology And Cognitive Behavior Therapy1520 Words   |  7 PagesThis aim of this essay is to provide an overview of Positive Psychology and Cognitive Behaviour Therapy. Strengths and weaknesses of both models are presented, as well has a discussion on areas where they are similar and different. Essay also highlights that whilst one model may be more suitable given the clients psychological state, the models may be utilized individually or complementing each other. Positive Psychology (PS) Positive Psychology is the scientific study of what makes life most worthRead MorePositive Psychology Can Not Make Us Happier887 Words   |  4 PagesPositive Psychology Cannot Make Us Happier The question of whether individuals can create their own happiness without the aid of external influences has been raised and researched. However, the answer to the question is unclear. Positive psychology is a branch of psychology that supports the theory that an individual’s happiness is under their personal control, independent of any external influences or validation. Consequently, researchers have uncovered evidence that provides mixed results regardingRead MoreSimilarities Between Positive Psychology and Coaching Psychology1278 Words   |  5 PagesPositive Psychology and Coaching Psychology: Positive psychology and coaching psychology have certain similarities with regards to their development as responses to the status quo of the field. The status quo was deficit-based, pathology-focused, and based on essential assumptions regarding human nature. These fundamental assumptions were largely less than positive, especially when examined from a rational perspective. As responses to the status quo, positive psychology and coaching psychology areRead MoreCarol Rogers Influence in Psychology1264 Words   |  6 PagesInfluence on Modern Psychology Introduction Carl Rogers is considered the founder of client-centered therapy, which asserts that childhood experiences affect an individual’s feelings, thoughts, and behavior (Rathus, 2004). The therapist must see the world from that of the client to be effective in treatment. Rogers has influenced many psychological theories and therapies present today, especially positive psychology. Despite this fact, many who practice positive psychology do not, or are not

General Purpose Financial Reports Public Sector

Question: Discuss about the General Purpose Financial Reports for Public Sector. Answer: General Purpose Financial Reporting (GPFRs) GPFRs are required to be prepared by the reporting entities according to the Australian Accounting Standards which is the governing body. The GPFRs are prepared in order to meet the needs of those users who are not in a position to demand financial reports from the company as per their tailored needs. These users are dependent upon the GPRS for their information needs in order for them to decide on the allocation of the scare resources. Who is required to prepare GPFRs All the reporting entities are required to prepare GPFRs whereas all the non reporting entities should prepare special purpose financial reports (SPFRs). A reporting entity is that which is expected to have users who rely on the general purpose financial statements for information which will be used by them to decide where to allocate the scare resources. The reporting entities of GPFRs may be divided in to two tiers namely Tier 1 and Tier 2. Tier 1 entities include entities which work for profit and are private companies and entities belonging to the local, state and federal governments. Tier 1 entities are required to prepare GPFRs in total compliance with the accounting standards. A private company is said to have public accountability if its equity or debt are traded in the open market or is in the process of issuing equity or debt for trading in the open market and if the primary business of the company is to hold assets of a group of outsiders as a fiduciary. Such companies include insurance companies, banks, investment banks and brokers and dealers. All other entities which do not fall in the category of tier 1 are tier 2 entities and tier 2 entities have reduced disclosures but have to comply with the classification, recognition and measurement of the accounting standards. (KPMG, 2014) Objective of GPFRs The main objective of GPFRs is to provide useful information to the existing or potential investors, creditors in making a decision as to whether to allocate the scare resources to the entity or not. The decision relate to investing, holding, selling in the companys shares, giving loan and credit to the company. There are many users of financial information provided by GPFRs. These users are interested in the GPFRs as they are in a position to decide it they want to allocate the scare resources to a particular entity or not. Investors decide whether to invest in a company or not, creditors decide whether to provide credit to a company or not, government decides whether to lend funds for a programme of the entity or not, employees decide whether to sell their services to the entity or not, donators decide whether they want to make donations to the entity or not, the owners of the company decide whether they should allocate resources for the companys operations and who would ,manage the business activities on their behalf. The interest of the community is served in the best manner of the scare resources which are allocated to the entities utilize them in the most efficient manner by generating maximum output. Efficient utilization of resources leads to higher living standards, rising economic development and overall development of the economy. The above efficient allocation of resources will take place only if the providers have sufficient information about the entity in which they want to invest and will base their decisions on the information provided in the GPFRs. GPFRs also provide mechanism to the management of the company through which they can fulfil their accountability. The management is accountable to the public because it is using their resources and hence with the help of GPFRs the management is able to discharge their accountability. (SAC2, NA) Qualitative Characteristics of GPFRs The usefulness of the GPFRs depends on the type of information provided. The information under the GPFRs include the economic resources possessed by the entity and the claims against the entity at a particular data and it also consists of events and conditions which led to a change in the resources and claims of the entity. Apart from the financial information, the reports also provide data on the strategies of the entity and the future outlook of the company with respect to growth. However, to make the above information useful, it is necessary that it should be relevant, comparable, understandable, verifiable, and timely and should be in faithful representation. (IFRS, NA) Relevance the information contained in the GPFRs is said to be relevant if it has both predictive and confirmative values and has the capability of making a difference in the decision made by users of allocating the resources to the entity or not. It is said to have predictive value if the information can be used by the users in making certain predictions about the entity through processes employed by him to predict the future of the company. Like a company may give future outlook of the company in terms of the increased revenue, costs and profits and on basis of this outlook, the user may base his predictive value. It is said to have confirmative value if the information can confirm or change the evaluations made by the users in the past. Confirmative and predictive value is interrelated. Like the revenue data of the company is confirmative value, however, the user may use the revenue data of the past to predict the future revenue based on the pattern it follows. Also if revenue ha s been predicted in the past, the actual revenue can be compared with what was predicted and on the basis of the correctness of the data, the processes employed to forecast future revenue may be altered. Faithful Representation all the information contained in the GPFRs whether financial or no financial should be represented faithfully, in other terms it should be complete, neutral and free of any material error. A complete description is the complete information and explanation about the phenomena being described. Like if assets are being reported, complete description would include nature of assets, their numerical value (original cost, fair value, depreciation). Information is said to be neutral when it is presented without any bias, emphasis or over emphasis on any particular information so as to influence the understanding of the user of the report. All the information should be presented in the most neutral way so that it is read by the user the way the events took place in the company. The information presented in the financial report cannot be 100% accurate, however free from errors means there are no omissions in information presentation. Also the process adopted for representing the information is free of error. Like if a company makes an estimate of doubtful debts, it may not be necessary that the estimate is perfectly accurate; however the procedure of estimating the doubtful debts should be accurate. (IFRS, NA) The above two features are called the fundamental qualitative characteristics. The features which are to follow are called enhancing qualitative characteristics because they enhance the quality of the information which relevant and faithfully represented. Comparability usually the users of GPFRs are interested in making comparisons between the financial performances between similar entities to decide where to allocate their resources. They may also like to compare the performance of the same entity with the past. Hence the GPFRs should be comparable. Comparability is achieved with some degree of consistency. Consistency refers to the use of same accounting policies and methods in reporting a particular item over different periods or across the entities. Uniformity is not necessary for a report to be comparable. Comparability requires similar things to look alike and different things to look different. Comparability is possible only for the financial information contained in the second half of the report, for the first half which constitutes narrative reporting, comparability is not significant. Verifiability the users of the report should be able to verify the information contained in the report. Verification can be either direct or direct. Direct verification is verification through direct observation like verifying the cash balance by counting cash. Indirect verification is verifying the value given in the report by applying the same procedure as adopted by the company to calculate that value. Like verifying the value of plant and machinery by taking the input given in the report like costs and quantity and recalculating the value using the same assumptions as made by the company. However, it may not be possible to verify the forward looking information, so the company should the underlying assumptions and how the information was compiled in order to support the information. Timeliness it is important for the information to be provided timely in order to be useful. The information should be capable of helping the users make decisions with respect to investment and that is possible only when the information is provided timely. However, some past information may also be useful to the users for studying the trends, compliance of the company performance with the budgeted one. Understand ability - the report should be clear, precise and understandable. There should be proper categorisations and classifications to make it understandable. Moreover, it is assumed that the users of the report are aware of the economic and business activities and can analyse the information in a diligent manner. (IFAC, 2012) Need for Rules and Regulations in preparing GPFRs GPFRs are required to be prepared by the reporting entities which constitutes of all the public companies as well as the private companies who have raised capital in the form of shares of debt and these instruments are traded in the public. From the nature of the companies, it is clear that they are using the public money to carry out their business and hence are liable to provide information on their business activities so that the users of financial report are aware where and how their money is being put in use to. These companies have a high economic and political influence and their business activities may affect the growth of the economy as a whole, hence it becomes mandatory for them to carry out the business with utmost care and also report their activities in the best manner so that different users may be able to scrutinize the performance to be in best interest of the society. (AASB, 2010) References IFAC, (2012), Conceptual Framework for General Purpose Financial Reporting by Public Sector Entities: Presentation in General Purpose Financial Reports, Consultation Paper, International Public Sector Accounting Standards Board AASB, (2010), Exposure Draft ED/2010/2 Conceptual Framework for Financial Reporting: The Reporting Entity, AASB submission KPMG, (2014), Australian Financial Reporting Manual, Department of Professional Practise Horwath, (2015), Reporting Entity: General Purpose Vs. Special Purpose Financial Reports, Crowe Horwath Sydney SAC2, (NA), Objective of General Purpose Financial Reporting, Statement of Accounting Concepts IFRS, (NA), The Objective of General Purpose Financial Reporting, Conceptual Framework

Hotel and Mobile Housekeeping App free essay sample

In the article â€Å"Quadriga Launches Mobile Housekeeping App†, the author shows us a new mobile application for housekeeping services. This App – Housekeeper – can largely improve the efficiency in checking and reporting room status through most web-enabled mobile devices. It as well enhances the communication among staff. The App has already been deployed in some hotels and may be applied in more countries and hotels in the near future. The article interests me because it is about technology innovation, which has obtained a lot of attention of hoteliers in the past five to ten years. According to Ian Millar, Deputy Director of INTEHL, hospitality industry is good with technology. It has always been a reactive rather than a proactive industry when it comes to technology. And this needs to change in order to improve internal efficiency and create unique and impressive customer experience. Consider the use of the new housekeeping App in hotels. We will write a custom essay sample on Hotel and Mobile Housekeeping App or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It will be much easier and faster for room division staff to carry out housekeeping tasks, and as a result, saving time and laborer to a large extent. In fact, the recent years have seen an unprecedented technology development, and such a development has brought both challenges and opportunities to hoteliers. On the one hand, customers have higher expectation and demand for hotels. But it is not easy to keep up with the all the cutting-edge technologies and major online trends. On the other hand, if hotels can follow the rapid pace of technology development and take reactions quickly, they will be more likely to meet or exceed customers’ expectation and earn reputation as well as profit. In terms of room division, one important aspect is in-room technology. Five years ago, I might feel it was just enough to have a TV in a guest room. But today I cannot imagine a room without Wi-Fi. The pervasive use of social media and mobile devices determines customers’ growing need for internet access and availability of internet bandwidth and online content. People expect to have the same work or entertaining experience as they at home. So it is important for hotels to adapt to in-room technologies and upgrade amenities of guestrooms in order to narrow the gap between guest’s experience at home and in the rooms. For example, as smartphones and laptops have gradually become the mainstream, guests get more accustomed to use their mobile devices. So hotels can offer radio players and televisions that can connect to smartphones and laptops, providing guests with better experience of entertainment since they can play music via a loudspeaker and watch movies on a larger screen. As the young generation has become more and more dependent on technology, it is important for hoteliers to prepare earlier and adapt to technology shifts. Quadriga Launches Mobile Housekeeping App UNITED KINGDOM—Quadriga has launched a new mobile application for housekeeping services via an exclusive global agreement with partner Hibox Systems Ltd, Finland. According to the company, the app is designed to reduce costs and deliver improved efficiencies for hoteliers with an average 50% reduction in the time required to carry out housekeeping and hotel support tasks, enhanced staff communication, as well as powerful reporting capabilities. Housekeeper provides an alternative to Quadriga’s established, fixed TV-based housekeeping solution, integrated into its Sensiq guest communications and entertainment platform. The Hibox Housekeeper application is a web-based service that can be hosted in the cloud and provides hotel staff with immediate reporting capabilities via most web-enabled mobile devices. Services include the reporting of room status to the hotel PMS, minibar usage and rooms fault reporting and management, as well as a staff-messaging tool. Housekeeper is already deployed in hotels across the Nordic region and is now available worldwide.

Sports And Aggressive Behavior Essay Paper Example For Students

Sports And Aggressive Behavior Essay Paper Sport and aggressive behavior, Do sports create aggressive behavior, or simply attract people who are already aggressive? Aggression and sport have gone together as long as sports have been around, be it the players themselves, to the parents, coaches, or spectators, they just seem to be an inseparable part of each other. The term violence is defined as physical assault based on total disregard for the well being of self and others, or the intent to injure another person ( 2. Coakley). Intimidation usually does not cause physical harm, but often is designed to produce psychological consequences, enabling one person to physically over power or dominate another. These statements as defined by the author, Jay J. Coakley, is what people today have made a must part on sport. Pleasure and participation sports absolutely cannot be grouped with power and performance sports when in relation to aggression.Pleasure sports are simply played for pleasure. We will write a custom essay on Sports And Aggressive Behavior Paper specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Score is usually not kept. The athletes participating are usually on occasion doing it for fun and exercise. A majority of athletes who have been playing sports since they were little, have probably been pounded into their heads that to be successful in sport, you need to be aggressive, and at some times, unnecessary. Also that to get what you want, you have to go at it with all force. Not that this is wrong but, this attitude in today’s society has been a major problem factor to the athletes when they get older, to get into trouble with the law. Those long-term effects of so called discipline, patterns develops these destructive behaviors. (9. Montague) Although some people are still in belief that aggressive behaviors in all forms, are grounded into instincts, but they also relate these actions to sports. Their parents played, who were known for their aggressive behavior, so the child feels that they have to live up to that expectation.( 6. Storr) Athletes do have to be agg ressive to a point, so that the team can form a strategy to win. There is also a limit to aggression when it turns into violence. People might say that it’s not aggression or violence, it’s just adrenaline pumping. Adrenaline isn’t even similar to violence. Aggression, maybe, but nothing that would be harmful to anyone else. This might be a factor to why contact sports are so popular. For example, football, hockey, rugby, wrestling, and boxing. Contrary to predictions of instinct theory, several studies show that contact sports exist and thrive in the same societies that have high rates of aggression and violence. Unfortunately, another belief is that contact sports teach discipline, self-respect, and self-defense. (8. May ) Contact sports aren’t a positive way to teach these things. Being physically tough helps, but it also needs to be left on the field when the game is over. This can also lead to the abuse of family, girlfriends, boyfriends, friends, an d any other person who gets in their â€Å"way†, because athletes use these sports as a way to get their aggression and angers out. ( 10. Hauser, Powers, Noam ) Other’s might argue that it’s skill, and not in the least way violent. Although we really can’t give a straight and to the point answer to the question â€Å"Is aggression an Instinct?† We can say that in man, as in other animals, there exists a physiological mechanism, when stimulated, it rises both subjective feelings of anger and to physical changes, which relate to fighting. This is easily set off, and like other emotional responses, it is very stereotyped, and instinctive. Just like one person is like a very angry person; they resemble one another at the psychological level. The way in which humans adapt to and control their feelings of rage. ( 5. Toch) The mechanisms in which these body changes, the functions that come about is still completely misunderstood. ( 5. Toch) Experiments fr om animal’s show that it appears that there is a small area from the base of the brain in which the feeling of anger starts. This, from which is sent to the nervous impulses that cause the blood pressure to rise. This area is called the hypothalamus. Its function is to coordinate responses like anger. ( 3 Diamond) The relationship between anger, rage, and violence, and psychopathology that is abnormal, or unnatural in human behavior and experience. People demonstrate their anger reactions in different ways. Similar to most human behavior, violence has a meaning that it only seems â€Å"senseless† or â€Å"meaningless† to the extent that we are unable to understand it. Most violence starts the fiery human emotions of anger and rage. Not all violent behavior has its origins in anger and rage; some of it is learned, as mentioned before. Some violence is driven primarily by as Friedrich Nietzsche referred as â€Å"the will to power†. In other words, rage. ( 3 . Diamond) Rage is an instinctual and defensive reaction to severe stress, or physical threat. This is an automatic reflex that people share with animals. This response to serious threat is referred to by Walter Cannon as the â€Å"fight or flight† response. It’s the first defense for the survival of the species. Any other threat to the continued physical existence, a person would have the instinct to try to leave, or if they can’t, then physically defend them by attacking the source of the threat. ( 7 . Hawkins, Fredman ) Relating to the fact that men are more aggressive than women are, studies shown in several cases those testosterone levels in young men especially are. The high levels of endogenous testosterone seem to encourage behavior apparently intended to dominate, to enhance one’s status over other people. ( 9. .u8a12f75c6a0f3bcb12e014436ad84edf , .u8a12f75c6a0f3bcb12e014436ad84edf .postImageUrl , .u8a12f75c6a0f3bcb12e014436ad84edf .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u8a12f75c6a0f3bcb12e014436ad84edf , .u8a12f75c6a0f3bcb12e014436ad84edf:hover , .u8a12f75c6a0f3bcb12e014436ad84edf:visited , .u8a12f75c6a0f3bcb12e014436ad84edf:active { border:0!important; } .u8a12f75c6a0f3bcb12e014436ad84edf .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u8a12f75c6a0f3bcb12e014436ad84edf { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u8a12f75c6a0f3bcb12e014436ad84edf:active , .u8a12f75c6a0f3bcb12e014436ad84edf:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u8a12f75c6a0f3bcb12e014436ad84edf .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u8a12f75c6a0f3bcb12e014436ad84edf .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u8a12f75c6a0f3bcb12e014436ad84edf .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u8a12f75c6a0f3bcb12e014436ad84edf .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u8a12f75c6a0f3bcb12e014436ad84edf:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u8a12f75c6a0f3bcb12e014436ad84edf .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u8a12f75c6a0f3bcb12e014436ad84edf .u8a12f75c6a0f3bcb12e014436ad84edf-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u8a12f75c6a0f3bcb12e014436ad84edf:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Genetics Research Essay Montague) Sometimes aggressive behavior is aggressive, it’s apparent intent being to inflict harm on another person, but often dominance is expressed nonaggressively. Measurement of testosterone at a single point in time presumably indicator of a man’s basal testosterone level, predicts many of these dominant behaviors. Numerous animal experiments, this one particular to rodents, show that raising testosterone increases aggressiveness. This is in relation to the dominance and antisocial behavior related to the individuals. An individual can be said to act dominantly if it’s apparent intent is to achieve or maintain high status, to obtain power influence, or valued prerogatives. Rodents do typically dominate aggressively, but it isn’t true of humans. Much of interpersonal behavior is overtly or subtly concerned with managing dominance and subordination without causing physical harm. It is harder to identify instances of aggression of a dominating motives, things related to religious sacrifices. It is understood that motivations are different from different situations for dominance and aggression. ( 1. Felson, Tedeschi) Clinical science assumes that all men are capable of bloody destructiveness. It maintains that image with most people who do away with their hatreds and, and although There are some instances where this effort fails. Some people are so shy about their aggressiveness that when they are provoked in the least little way, they become so violent that they are unbearable. Even a slight review of violent conduct suggests that violence isn’t blind, and random. Members of fighting gangs are frequently nonviolent when separated from their members. Many extremely dangerous people seem to specialize in certain areas of victims. This is in relation to taking the aggressiveness off the field. There is sometimes a relationship between being violent and being socially improper. Violence usually takes place in certain circles, certain settings, and on certain occasions. If violence is really blind and random, it’s hard to understand why we should find so much in specific situations. Does a man assault his wife rather than the athlete who messed up simply because she’s available? Violence can’t be associated with angry explosions. There is shape and form to violence. Patterns of destructiveness show consistently, and they relay from person to person. As for each of us, violence seems to be tied to a restricted range of life situations. It seems to reflect purpose, and implies the presence of hidden meanings. So, how do we satis fy it? How is it provoked? How do violent people function? (4. Stepansky) The level of testosterone circulating in the bloodstream may affect dominating or aggressive behavior by activating receptors in organs or the nervous system. Focusing on young males who have passed through puberty. There are associated reports that show a relatively high level of testosterone with dominant, aggressive, or antisocial actors including several studies of men in jail. The scientists found that no significant testosterone difference between those who fought in prison, and those who did not, between the ages of 18 to 35. However, prisoners with a prior record of violence and aggression related crimes, they had a significantly higher testosterone level than those without a history. In the age group of 18to 45, sorted into the same groups, those with chronic aggressive behavior, those socially dominant without physical aggressiveness, and those who were neither aggressive or dominant, their testosterone levels were not significantly different between the aggressive and dominant groups, but they also had significantly higher testosterone than the group that was either aggressive or dominant. (7. Hawkins, Fredman) A similar study was tested on college hockey players. ( 1. Felson , Tedeschi) They studied 14 male college players ages 18 to 23, and found a significant correlation between testosterone and coach ratings of player’s aggressiveness in respond to threat. Another study was done on four male physicians. Ranging from ages to 23 to 38, they were confined on a boat for a two week holidaycruise. The testosterone level to be correlated with the physician’s assertiveness and dominant behavior, as ranked by three women on the boat. Overall, there is considerable evidence from a variety of settings that in men, circulating testosterone is correlated with dominant or aggressive behavior, and antisocial norm breaking. Correlation doesn’t imply any reason, and the question is still being pondered, â€Å"Is high testosterone a cause of dominant and antisocial behavior?† ( 9. Montague) There has also been argument whether or not that women can be as aggressive and dominant as men. Despite considerable speculation that testosterone is associated with aggression or status in women, the literature is few and far between. Scientists report that testosterone levels in 55 women increased the status of their occupations. .uc6bb8949afd2c6d79953611ef4ab9a75 , .uc6bb8949afd2c6d79953611ef4ab9a75 .postImageUrl , .uc6bb8949afd2c6d79953611ef4ab9a75 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uc6bb8949afd2c6d79953611ef4ab9a75 , .uc6bb8949afd2c6d79953611ef4ab9a75:hover , .uc6bb8949afd2c6d79953611ef4ab9a75:visited , .uc6bb8949afd2c6d79953611ef4ab9a75:active { border:0!important; } .uc6bb8949afd2c6d79953611ef4ab9a75 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uc6bb8949afd2c6d79953611ef4ab9a75 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uc6bb8949afd2c6d79953611ef4ab9a75:active , .uc6bb8949afd2c6d79953611ef4ab9a75:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uc6bb8949afd2c6d79953611ef4ab9a75 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uc6bb8949afd2c6d79953611ef4ab9a75 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uc6bb8949afd2c6d79953611ef4ab9a75 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uc6bb8949afd2c6d79953611ef4ab9a75 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uc6bb8949afd2c6d79953611ef4ab9a75:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uc6bb8949afd2c6d79953611ef4ab9a75 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uc6bb8949afd2c6d79953611ef4ab9a75 .uc6bb8949afd2c6d79953611ef4ab9a75-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uc6bb8949afd2c6d79953611ef4ab9a75:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Gentrification Theory: Ruth Glass Essay Another study was done with women who were patients in a neurological clinic, found significantly higher testosterone levels among relatively aggressive patients compared to less aggressive ones, but they also differed in diagnois, and making the comparison suspect. ( 5. Toch) The issue of sex differences has been addressed by asking how men and women respond to an identical competitive situation. Testosterone was given by saliva to young men and women before, during, and after competing with a same sex partner in a video game. The hormonal response to the competition was different in each sex. Males showed the usual pre contest rise in testosterone, but females did not. Males did not show the usual result that testosterone levels of winners is higher than that of losers, apparently because the video game produced no mood difference between male winners and losers. A mood difference was produced between female winners and losers, but the female showed no specific response to the competition. These results show that the outcome of the competition on testosterone specific to men. (7. Hawkins, Fredman) From laboratory results and athletic studies, the testosterone level rises in men awaiting a contest, regardless of the eventual outcome contest. Generalizing to the street, hormone levels should be elevated in young men who are constantly against assaults on their reputations. Of course, testosterone level is also affected by the outcome of the contest, so persistent losers might be hormonally depressed, but most men, those with mixed outcome or better, should have elevated testosterone level. ( 3. Diamond) Leaving behind the historic roots of the South, there may be a general hypersensitivity to insult in any subculture that is, or once was organized around young men who are constantly constrained by traditional community agents of social control, as after occurs in frontier countries, gangs, among bohemians, and after social breakdown or natural diseases. When young men place special emphasis on protecting their images and reputations, and they are not restrained from doing so, dominance contests become necessary, the hallmark of male to male interaction. ( 5. Toch) To interpret racial differences in testosterone, a compar ison of black and white boys ages 6 to 18 years, mostly preteens, showed no significant race different in testosterone. By adulthood, black males do have significantly higher testosterone levels than white males, possibly reflecting the higher defensive demands on black men during adulthood. ( 10. Hauser, Powers, Noam) The reciprocal linkage between hormones and behavior suggests that if testosterone levels among young men in the inner city are highlighted by their constant defensive posture against challenge and these high hormone levels in turn encourage further dominance contests. Feedback between challenge and testosterone may create a various circle, sometimes with lethal effects.(7. Hawkins, Fredman) During puberty, the effects of testosterone on behavior appear to work primarily through long term reorganizations of the body and neurohormanal system, and only secondary through short term activation. By the end of puberty, usually around 16 years, the body is nearly at itâ€⠄¢s adult form so behavior is affected primarily by the level of testosterone circulating in the blood stream, which can activate steroid receptors. (10. Hauser, Powers, Noam) There is a string correlation and experimental evidence that testosterone levels respond in predictable ways both before and after competitions for status. First, testosterone rises shortly before a competitive event, as if anticipating the challenge. Second, after the conclusion of competition, testosterone levels in winners rises relative to that of losers. Testosterone also rises after status evaluations, and it falls after status demotions, These effects require the presence of appropriate mood changes. Limited evidence suggests that this pattern of testosterone responses is specific to men. ( 4. Stepansky) As these studies have suggested, aggression in sport is there, but the men mainly showcase it. Aggressive people are attracted to contact violent sport competitions, to where they can fit in while being violent. On the other hand, sports can create aggressive behaviors that could lead to worse things. Women can and will showcase this, but as said before, men show a stronger case of it. Things of this nature have been going on for centuries, every since the beginning of sport, unfortunately, if these behaviors aren’t controlled, the young children might be the ones to suffer by an outcome that nobody wants to see, doing away with sports in general. 1977 5. Violent Men; an inquiry into the pychology of violence, Hans Toch 1969 6. Human Aggression, Anthony Storr 19681. Aggression and Violence, social interactionists perspectives. , Richard B. Felson and James T. Tedeschi 1993 2. Sport in Society, Issues and Controversies 6th edition, Jay J. Coakley 1998 3. Anger, Madness, and the Daimaonic; the pyschologists genesis of Violence, evil and creativitiy. Stephen A. Diamond 1996 4. A History of Aggression Freud, Paul E. Stepansky 7. The Creation of Deviance, Interpersonal and organized determinants, Richard Hawkins, Gary Fredman, 1975 8. Power and Innocence, Rollo May 1972 9. Man and Aggression, Ashley Montague 1968 10. Adolescents and their Families , Paths of Ego Development, Stuart T. Hauser, Sally I. Powers, Gil G. Noam 1991

Ace the Interview Behavioral Nurse

Ace the Interview Behavioral Nurse As in most medical fields where prior experience is required, behavioral nurse interview questions will ask you to provide specific examples from your previous positions. You want to have anecdotes at the ready to show your interviewer that you’re competent, knowledgeable, and well-prepared to join their staff. Describe a situation in which you recently had to handle a difficult and demanding patient.This question is designed to assess your interpersonal skills and ability to resolve conflict. Prepare an anecdote that illustrates your excellent communication skills- including verbal persuasiveness and strong listening abilities, interactions with patients and families, understanding patient needs, explaining treatments, and displaying empathy. Avoid characterizing a patient in an overly negative or in a resentful way, and be careful not to compromise confidentiality.Describe a decision you had to make quickly regarding a patient.For this question, the interviewer will be asses sing  your judgment. Talk them through your decision-making process as you evaluated a memorable  situation and the criteria you used to make a decision. Be able to report back on the appropriateness of your actions in light of the outcome.Tell us about a time where you disagreed with a colleague over the management of a patient.This question is designed to identify your ability to work as part of a team, deal with colleagues maturely, draw on your own internal resources and department protocols for conflict resolution, practice active listening and information gathering, and then your ability to reflect and discuss what you learned from the experience. Avoid expressing anything stronger than a professional difference of opinion with the colleague in question.What changes have you contributed to established practices to improve patient care?If you’re asked this question in an interview, the interviewer is looking at your ability to take initiative, go beyond your routine, think critically and proactively about patient care protocols, and exercising excellent judgment about their implementation. It’s also likely you had to work closely with colleagues to get your changes implemented- be ready to highlight the valuable aspects of that process as well.And finally, four questions that all evaluate essentially the same abilities:Tell me about a challenging problem you faced in your previous job. How did you deal with it?Nursing work often involves a number of daily frustrations. Tell me about some of the frustrations you have dealt with recently.Take me through a typical day in your previous job.How do you manage high stress situations? Give me an example.These last questions test to see if you have an alert mind, evolved stress-management skills, the ability to reflect and assess daily responsibilities, and a degree of self-awareness. Make sure you have specific stories you can reference that showcase the best of your abilities. Practice with a f riend to get low-stakes exposure to how you’ll feel on your actual interview day.Good luck!

Fundamental of Finance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Fundamental of Finance - Essay Example In our case, proposal A takes 4 years to recover the investment and proposal B takes only 3 years for the recovery of such investment. Accordingly the proposal B is ranked above the proposal A. The limitation in this method is that it does not consider time value of money. Net present value is a discounted cash flow approach to capital budgeting. â€Å"If the present value of future cash flow is greater than the initial cost, the project is worth undertaking. On the other hand, if the present value is less than the initial cost, a project should be rejected because investor would lose money if the project were accepted.†(Angelico A. Groppelli and Ehsan Nikbakhat, page 159)ii Assessing from this point of view, both proposal have a positive net present value. But as the net present value of proposal A is more than that of proposal B. Accordingly NPV method ranks proposal A ahead of proposal B. There are various shortcomings in methods of evaluation of capital projects that do not consider time value of money. It is generally felt that discounted cash flow methods provide a more objective basis for evaluating and selecting investment projects. These methods take account of both the magnitude and the timings of expected cash flows in each period of project’s life. Internal rate of return, like net present value method, is such a method that uses the discounted cash flow criteria to evaluate different capital projects. â€Å"The IRR for an investment is the discount (interest) rate that will make the present (or discounted) value of the cash flows from the operation equal to the initial outlay of the investment. An IRR above the minimum rate of return specified by management (called hurdle rate) is considered acceptable. When mutually exclusive projects are being compared, the project with highest IRR will be preferred.† (Ralph S.